Freedom Holding is a financial services company that provides retail brokerage, digital banking, and insurance services, primarily serving customers in Kazakhstan, Central Asia, and Europe. The company’s core business provides retail investors access to international capital markets and major global exchanges through its Tradernet platform. Freedom Holding also operates a digital banking ecosystem via its SuperApp, which integrates traditional banking products like loans and deposits with payments, insurance, and lifestyle services. The company generates revenue through transaction-based brokerage commissions, interest on margin loans, and net interest income from its banking operations. Freedom Holding also earns premiums from its life and general insurance subsidiaries and conducts proprietary trading across its business segments. To increase customer lifetime value, the company employs a cross-selling strategy facilitated by a loyalty program that rewards users with a proprietary instrument linked to the company's stock price. Freedom Holding is currently expanding its geographic footprint into Turkey and Georgia while diversifying its ecosystem into telecommunications, media, and data center infrastructure in Kazakhstan.