Investors Title is a North Carolina-based regional title insurance holding company. Through its two underwriting subsidiaries, ITIC and NITIC, Investors Title issues title insurance policies to real property owners and mortgage lenders, protecting them against financial losses from defects in a property's title — such as prior liens, forged deeds, or undisclosed ownership claims. Title insurance is a one-time purchase at the closing of a real estate transaction, so revenue is driven by real estate purchase and refinance activity in the company's markets. Investors Title issues policies both directly and through a network of agents — typically real estate attorneys, independent agents, or bank subsidiaries — who retain the majority of the premium as a commission and remit the remainder to the company. The company's primary markets are in the eastern U.S., with North Carolina, Texas, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida as the largest. Investors Title also operates an Exchange Services segment, which facilitates tax-deferred 1031 like-kind exchanges through qualified intermediaries, earning fees and interest on client funds held during the exchange period. Smaller non-reportable businesses include agency consulting and trust and investment management services. Like other title insurers, Investors Title emphasizes loss avoidance — performing title searches upfront to minimize claims — and earns meaningful investment income on a fixed-income and equity portfolio maintained to satisfy regulatory reserve requirements. The company has been family-controlled since its founding in 1973.