SAB Sciences (SAB BIO) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) therapies for autoimmune diseases. Its lead program, SAB-142, is a multi-specific fully human anti-thymocyte globulin (hATG) designed as a disease-modifying therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) — not to manage symptoms like insulin does, but to slow or halt the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells. SAB-142 targets newly diagnosed Stage 3 T1D patients, with plans to expand to earlier-stage patients. The drug mimics rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (rATG), which has shown clinical efficacy in slowing T1D, but SAB-142's fully human design avoids the serum sickness and anti-drug antibody problems that make rATG impractical for repeat dosing. SAB-142 is currently in SAFEGUARD, a registrational Phase 2b trial, with topline data expected in the second half of 2027. What distinguishes SAB Sciences is its production platform: genetically engineered cattle ("Tc Bovine") modified with an artificial human chromosome to produce fully human polyclonal antibodies. Cattle are hyperimmunized against a disease target, and the resulting high-potency hIgG is isolated from plasma through fractionation. The platform has a plug-and-play quality — each new drug candidate requires a new immunogen but uses the same cattle and manufacturing infrastructure, making pipeline expansion relatively capital-efficient. The company is pre-revenue and funds operations through equity raises, with manufacturing facilities in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.