Ginkgo Bioworks is a synthetic biology platform company that helps customers engineer biology to develop and manufacture products across pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and industrial biotechnology. Ginkgo operates two segments: Cell Engineering and Biosecurity. Cell Engineering is the core business — Ginkgo does not make end products itself, but instead provides biological R&D services and tools that help customers discover, optimize, and manufacture products encoded in DNA and RNA, such as gene therapies, mRNA vaccines, therapeutic proteins, enzymes, and industrial chemicals. Ginkgo's pitch is that its highly automated, centralized platform can do cell engineering work faster and cheaper than a customer doing the same work in its own lab. Cell Engineering includes two go-to-market approaches: Solutions (multi-month to multi-year custom R&D partnerships with large biotech and pharma companies) and Tools (standardized products including modular lab automation hardware, fee-for-service biological data generation, AI models via API, and reagents). Tools are newer and targeted primarily at scientists building AI-ready biological datasets, with simpler fee-for-service pricing and no downstream IP claims. Biosecurity is a smaller segment offering biomonitoring and digital biosurveillance services, primarily to government customers, through its Canopy and Horizon products. Ginkgo is currently unprofitable but underwent a major restructuring in 2024, and management targets adjusted EBITDA breakeven by end of 2026.