IonQ builds and sells quantum computers using trapped ion technology, where individual atomic ions serve as qubits. IonQ sells its systems either as physical hardware installed on-premises or as cloud-based access through AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud — a model it calls Quantum-Computing-as-a-Service (QCaaS). Customers include government agencies, defense contractors, national laboratories, utilities, and international partners. Use cases span computational chemistry, financial modeling, logistics optimization, and quantum machine learning. Beyond its core quantum computing business, IonQ has expanded into a broader quantum platform through acquisitions, adding quantum networking, quantum sensing, and satellite-based data services. IonQ's quantum networking business (from ID Quantique) sells quantum key distribution (QKD) products — the only formally security-certified QKD products in the world — and has deployed quantum networks for customers including SK Telecom and Singtel. Its quantum sensing business (from Vector Atomic) builds atomic clocks and precision navigation sensors for defense and commercial customers. Through Capella Space, IonQ also operates a low-earth orbit synthetic aperture radar satellite constellation, selling imagery data to government and commercial customers. IonQ generates revenue through hardware sales, cloud access fees, direct compute agreements, professional services, government contracts, and recurring subscriptions from its networking and sensing businesses. IonQ is pre-profitability and funds growth through equity, holding roughly $3.5B in cash with no debt.