9F is a China-based digital financial services company that operates across three core businesses. The first is technology empowerment services, where 9F sells AI- and big data-powered tools to mainland Chinese financial institutions — including banks and consumer finance companies — covering user acquisition, credit risk assessment, fraud detection, and data modeling. The second is online securities brokerage in Hong Kong, operated through Metaverse Securities and Meta Futures, where 9F provides individual investors access to Hong Kong and U.S. equity and futures markets via a licensed online platform. The third is insurance brokerage and wealth management in Hong Kong, operated through Ether Wealth Management, which sells life, annuity, and general insurance products and offers MPF advisory services to individual clients. 9F also runs a small e-commerce operation in China, reselling consumer goods through third-party platforms. The company was originally built around a P2P online lending platform that was shut down in 2020 following Chinese regulatory action against the P2P industry, and 9F has since pivoted toward its current businesses. Revenue comes from technology service fees charged to institutional clients, trading commissions on its securities platform, insurance commissions, and e-commerce sales. The business relies heavily on proprietary AI, big data, and cloud infrastructure, with employee costs and technology as its primary cost drivers. 9F lists its ADSs on Nasdaq under the ticker "JFU" and uses a VIE structure to operate its China-based businesses.