Keysight Technologies makes electronic design and test equipment — hardware instruments, software, and services — used by engineers developing and validating new electronic products, technologies, and infrastructure. Core hardware products include oscilloscopes, signal analyzers, network analyzers, signal generators, and power supplies. Software includes applications layered onto instruments and standalone design and simulation tools (EDA). Services include calibration, repair, and support contracts. Keysight sells primarily through a direct sales force, with channel partners and e-commerce covering the remainder. The company operates two segments: Communications Solutions Group (CSG, ~69% of revenue), which serves commercial communications and aerospace, defense, and government customers across wireless and wireline technologies; and Electronic Industrial Solutions Group (EISG, ~31% of revenue), which serves semiconductor, automotive, and general electronics customers. Software and services together represent roughly 37% of revenue, and Keysight's strategy is to grow this mix to improve revenue predictability. Gross margins are high for an industrial company, reflecting proprietary technology and software content. Keysight spends heavily on R&D and operates its own semiconductor fab to develop proprietary hardware components. Growth priorities include first-to-market solutions aligned to emerging technology standards, expanding recurring revenue through software and services, and M&A to extend capabilities — recent acquisitions include Spirent, Synopsys Optical Solutions Group, Ansys PowerArtist, and ESI Group. AI infrastructure buildouts have been a near-term demand driver, particularly in wireline test.