VoIP-Pal is a patent licensing and assertion company whose sole business is monetizing a portfolio of VoIP-related patents through litigation against large technology and telecom companies. VoIP-Pal has no products, no customers, and generates no operating revenue. The company acquired its patent portfolio through the 2013 acquisition of Digifonica, a defunct telecom software company that developed VoIP routing technology in the mid-2000s. The core patents cover methods for classifying and routing communications — determining whether a call should be routed over a private network or the public internet — and these are the patents VoIP-Pal most actively asserts in court. The portfolio also includes patents on mobile gateways, lawful intercept, E911 emergency calling, and billing, though most of these are not currently in active litigation. VoIP-Pal is currently pursuing infringement suits in Waco, Texas against several Fortune 500 companies, and is also involved in two antitrust lawsuits alleging anticompetitive practices in the telecom industry. The company relies entirely on outside counsel and contractors, keeping costs lean, but depends on equity or litigation financing to fund operations. VoIP-Pal's only path to cash is winning or settling its lawsuits, making the business entirely dependent on litigation outcomes.