BlackBerry is a software company focused on two core businesses: QNX, which makes foundational software for safety-critical embedded systems, and Secure Communications, which sells government-grade secure messaging, endpoint management, and crisis communications software. QNX is the primary growth driver, producing the real-time operating system (RTOS), hypervisor, and development tools that power safety-critical systems — primarily in automobiles. Automakers and Tier 1 suppliers use QNX as the foundational software layer for systems like advanced driver assistance (ADAS) and digital cockpits, where software must operate deterministically. QNX is embedded in over 275 million vehicles globally and works with over 45 automakers. QNX earns revenue through per-unit royalties when OEMs ship products, development seat licenses, and professional services. The long lag between a design win and royalty recognition — typically 2–3 years — makes the royalty backlog the key forward-looking metric. QNX also serves medical, industrial, and robotics markets, which represent roughly 20% of QNX revenue. The Secure Communications division sells to governments and militaries, with three core products: SecuSUITE (encrypted voice and messaging), BlackBerry UEM (mobile device management for sovereign deployments), and AtHoc (crisis communications used by over 75% of U.S. government personnel). Secure Communications revenue is primarily recurring, anchored by long-term government contracts. BlackBerry also has a small Licensing segment that passively monetizes its patent portfolio.